Trivia About American Robins
The American robin goes by many names, including robin red-breast, just plain robin, and its scientific name, Turdus migratorius. European settlers named the American robin after the familiar European robin that they missed after emigrating to the New World. While both birds have orange breasts and upright postures, however, they do not otherwise look similar and are not closely related. American robins are part of the Turdidae family of birds, which includes roughly 180 species of related thrushes. Birds in the same family that are close cousins of robins include bluebirds, solitaires, Eurasian blackbirds, and fieldfares. More 120 different birds around the world include “robin” in their names, which makes it very important to use full names or scientific names when referring to different birds. Other “robins” include many different chats, flycatchers, and Australasian robins that are not close relatives of the American robin. The American robin is the state bird of Michigan, Wisconsin, and Connecticut. This makes it one of the most popular state birds, and it is often seen in state flags, coins, shields, seals, and other symbols. Both male and female American robins look similar, though males are generally brighter and more boldly colored than females. There are seven different subspecies of American robin, however, and geographic variations in their plumages can be quite extreme. Populations in very humid areas, such as the Pacific Northwest, have darker plumage, while desert birds in drier regions tend to have much lighter, paler coloration. These are omnivorous birds that eat a wide variety of different foods, including earthworms, caterpillars, snails, spiders, berries, and fruit. In the backyard, American robins will often snack on jelly, mealworms, and suet, and they will also sample nuts and seeds, though they do not eat these foods as frequently.
American robins have exceptionally keen eyesight that allows them to see the tiny disturbances in the soil that indicate where worms are moving. This is how robins find worms, though they also use their senses of hearing and touch as part of their hunting as well. These birds have a flexible, complex syrinx (a bird’s voice box, the equivalent to the human larynx) that allows them to create highly varied, warbling songs. American robins are often part of the dawn chorus and will sing for hours to attract mates and advertise the territory they have claimed. They can be heard singing throughout the day. Even though American robins are often thought of as spring birds, they actually stay in most of their breeding range all year long. In winter, robins will roost in trees and their diet changes to more fruit and berries because insect populations are scarce. In the very northernmost parts of their range, these birds do migrate, but only go as far south as needed to find enough resources to wait out the winter. In mild winters, they may not migrate at all. While American robins are native to the New World from Canada to Central America, there are occasional reports of these birds appearing as vagrant visitors in Europe. This most often happens in autumn and winter when storms can blow the birds far off course. American robin reports have been noted in Iceland, the United Kingdom, Scotland, Spain, Belgium, and the Netherlands. American robins can fly 20-35 miles per hour (32-56 kilometers per hour) depending on weather conditions and the type of flight they are using. When migrating and flying at higher altitudes for longer distances, their flight tends to be faster. An American robin’s nest is a deep cup that measures 3-9 inches (8-20 centimeters) in diameter and is made from different nesting material such as grasses, twigs, and mud. Some robins will even use bits of string and yarn in their nests, which they sometimes build from the inside out. The females do most of the nest building, and it can take 2-6 days to complete the nest. When finished, a robin’s nest weighs roughly seven ounces (200 grams). The characteristic robin’s egg blue of an American robin’s eggs is caused by hemoglobin and bile pigment’s in the female’s blood. As eggs are formed within her body, these pigments create the familiar blue or blue-green, unmarked shell. This does not hurt the female and she does not need a special diet to create blue eggs. After the eggs hatch, both American robin parents care for their chicks for 12-14 days until the youngsters leave the nest. Once the fledglings are out of the nest, however, they will not be fully independent for another 10-15 days. During that time, the parents still watch out for their offspring as the young birds learn to fly and stretch and strengthen their wings. Be sure you know what to do if you find a baby robin during this time! Though American robins will lay 2-3 broods of 3-5 eggs each year, only 25 percent of chicks survive for six months. The average lifespan of an American robin is just 5-6 years if the bird survives to adulthood, though some wild robins have lived as long as 12-13 years. In captivity these birds have lived up to 15-17 years. The current population of American robins is estimated at 310 million birds in the world. This is one of the most common backyard birds in North America and American robins are not considered threatened or endangered. Though American robins are common and widespread, they still face a variety of threats. Overuse of outdoor chemicals such as herbicides, pesticides, and fertilizers can be dangerous to robins as they feed on lawns. Feral or outdoor cats and window collisions are other grave threats to robins. American robins are part of Indigenous folklore for several tribes. While legends vary, many tribes consider the American robin a symbol of peace, safety, and nurturing. There are also legends that consider the robin either a guardian of fire or a thief of flames, and those stories explain the origins of the robin’s orange-red breast. The American robin is popular in modern culture and is often featured on winter holiday cards. The robin has also been the subject of song, including the hits Rockin’ Robin (Bobby Day, 1958) and When the Red, Red Robin Comes Bob, Bob, Bobbin’ Along (Harry M. Woods, 1926).
