Extracting color and creating dyes from natural sources produces beautiful results. Unfortunately, it can be a tedious process that makes it difficult to maintain quality control. By 1900, the development of powdered synthetic dyes dominated the market, and most industrial dyes were synthetic.
Before You Begin
The very first step in successfully dyeing something at home is to identify the fiber content of the fabric. Natural fabrics like wool, cotton, linen, and silk absorb and capture dyes well as does nylon. Other synthetic fibers like polyester, spandex, olefin, acetate, and acrylics will not dye evenly unless you use a dye specially formulated for synthetic fibers. Blended fabrics like a polyester/cotton will result in a muted, heather-like dyed finish unless you use a dye formulated for synthetics. The fabric you wish to dye should be washed to remove any soil, fabric finishes, or sizing that may be in the fabric. If the item is stained, do your best to remove the specific stains. If they remain, especially oily stains, they will affect how the dye is absorbed in that area. For printed fabrics and bleach-spotted items, use a color remover or stripping product before you apply the new dye. This will give you a more even dye especially if you are using a light colored dye. Estimate the weight of the fabric or items you plan to dye. Many product instructions are based on the weight of the fabric and you want to be sure to use enough dye for good results.
Gather Supplies
It is important to have all of the supplies you need ready and on hand before you begin a project. No one wants drips of dye scattered about the house as you search for something. Here’s what you need:
Plastic drop cloth or old vinyl tablecloth to cover the work area Plastic bucket, stainless steel sink, or standard top load washing machine. Do not dye in a fiberglass or porcelain sink because they may absorb the dye Rubber gloves Hot water Liquid or powdered dye(s) Table salt or white distilled vinegar Large metal spoon Test fabric or paper towel Chlorine bleach for clean up
Standard Top Load Washer Dyeing Step-By-Step
Bucket or Sink Dyeing Step-By-Step
NOTE: Immediately clean bucket and tools with a hot water and chlorine bleach solution.
Tips for Dyeing Success
Never pour or sprinkle dye directly on fabric. This will cause the color to be uneven.To achieve the richest color, be sure the hot water is at least 140 degrees F. or 60 degrees C.For dark colors like black, deep brown, and dark greens, using extra dye will give better results.For the richest colors on synthetic fabrics like polyester, use a dye formulated just for synthetics.A dye fixative will help cotton fabrics maintain the new color longer.Colors will look darker while the fabric is wet and before rinsing.If dyeing a garment multiple colors, start with the lightest shade and move to the darkest.After dyeing, always wash garments separately or with similar colors in cold or warm water. Add an old towel to capture any loose dye.If you cannot find matching buttons for your project, dye them yourself.
